
\begin{tabular}{@{\extracolsep{5pt}}lD{.}{.}{-3} D{.}{.}{-3} } 
\\[-1.8ex]\hline 
\hline \\ [-1.8ex] & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Average ($\beta$)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Distribution ($\lambda$)} \\
\hline \\[-1.8ex] 
 Downward mobility ($\Delta \hat{y}_{pi} < -5$) & 0.315$ $(0.007) & -0.188$ $(0.039) \\ 
  & & \\ Upward mobility ($\Delta \hat{y}_{pi} > 5)$ & 0.118$ $(0.008) & -0.102$ $(0.046) \\ 
  & & \\ Income at start & -0.157$ $(0.008) & 0.063$ $(0.045) \\ 
  & & \\ Older (Age $>$ 49) & 0.009$ $(0.009) & 0.413$ $(0.047) \\ 
  & & \\ 
                         \emph{Study period beginning:} & & \\
                         \hspace{10mm} 1975 $-$ 1979 & 0.011$ $(0.006) & -0.263$ $(0.036) \\ 
  \hspace{10mm} 1980 $-$ 1984 & 0.025$ $(0.007) & -0.216$ $(0.041) \\ 
  \hspace{10mm} 1985 $-$ 1989 & 0.091$ $(0.008) & -0.137$ $(0.046) \\ 
  \hspace{10mm} 1990 $-$ 1996 & 0.111$ $(0.009) & 0.232$ $(0.053) \\ 
  \hspace{10mm} 1997 $-$ 2003 & 0.040$ $(0.010) & 0.345$ $(0.059) \\ 
  & & \\ 
                    Constant & -0.000$ $(0.002) & -2.108$ $(0.009) \\ 
 \hline \\[-1.8ex] 
Observations & \multicolumn{1}{c}{48,718} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{48,718} \\ 
R$^{2}$ & \multicolumn{1}{c}{0.057} &  \\ 
\hline 
\hline \\[-1.8ex] 
\textit{Note:}  & \multicolumn{2}{l}{Standard errors in parenthesis.} \\ 
\end{tabular} 
